Arab Invasions & Conquest of Sindh MCQ Online Practice Test: Medieval Indian History - Exam Scorer

Medieval Indian History: Arab Invasions & Conquest of Sindh MCQ Online Test

Q1. Who was the first Muslim commander to invade India?

Correct Answer: Option A (Muhammad bin Qasim)

Detailed Explanation: Umayyad general Muhammad bin Qasim led the first successful Muslim invasion of India, conquering Sindh and Multan in 711–712 CE.

Q2. The Arab General who conquered Sindh in 711 AD and annexed it into the Umayyad Caliph's territory was:

Correct Answer: Option A (Muhammad bin Qasim)

Detailed Explanation: Sent by Al-Hajjaj (governor of Iraq), 17-year-old Muhammad bin Qasim defeated King Dahir of Sindh at the Battle of Aror in 712 CE.

Q3. The famous medieval research work 'Tehqeeq Maalil-al-Hind' was authored by:

Correct Answer: Option A (Al-Biruni)

Detailed Explanation: Abu Rayhan Al-Biruni authored Tahqiq ma lil-Hind (Tehqeeq Maalil-al-Hind), an exhaustive encyclopedic study on Indian religion, philosophy, astronomy, and culture.

Q4. In which language did Al-Biruni write his masterwork 'Kitab-ul-Hind'?

Correct Answer: Option A (Arabic)

Detailed Explanation: Al-Biruni wrote Kitab-ul-Hind in Arabic, the primary scientific and academic language of the Islamic Golden Age.

Q5. 'Kitab-ul-Hind', a book providing an in-depth account of 11th-century Indian history, science, and society, was authored by:

Correct Answer: Option A (Al-Biruni)

Detailed Explanation: Al-Biruni learned Sanskrit, studied original Indian texts with Hindu Pandits, and recorded his observations in Kitab-ul-Hind.

Q6. Which scholar traveler hailing from Khwarazm (Uzbekistan) arrived in India in the 11th century?

Correct Answer: Option A (Al-Biruni)

Detailed Explanation: Al-Biruni was born in Khwarazm (modern Kath, Uzbekistan) in 973 CE and came to India during Mahmud Ghaznavi's invasions.

Q7. The Persian polymath Al-Biruni accompanied which invader during his military campaigns in Afghanistan and India?

Correct Answer: Option A (Mahmud Ghaznavi)

Detailed Explanation: Al-Biruni was brought to Ghazni by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni and accompanied his court on Indian expeditions.

Q8. Prithviraj Chauhan lost his kingdom to Muhammad Ghori in 1192 CE in the Second Battle of:

Correct Answer: Option A (Tarain)

Detailed Explanation: After winning the First Battle of Tarain in 1191 CE, Prithviraj III was defeated by Muhammad Ghori in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192 CE, establishing Turkish rule in Delhi.

Q9. The Battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) was fought between:

Correct Answer: Option A (Jayachandra and Muhammad Ghori)

Detailed Explanation: Fought near Etawah (UP) in 1194 CE, Ghori defeated and killed Gahadavala King Jayachandra of Kannauj.

Q10. Who invaded Gujarat in 1025–1026 CE and plundered the sacred Somnath Temple?

Correct Answer: Option A (Mahmud Ghaznavi)

Detailed Explanation: During his 16th expedition (1025–1026 CE), Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni attacked Somnath in Kathiawar, Gujarat, defeating Bhima I (Solanki) and looting the temple.

Q11. What was the major destination target of Mahmud Ghaznavi's last major temple plunder raid outside Punjab?

Correct Answer: Option A (Somnath Temple)

Detailed Explanation: The raid on Somnath in 1025–26 CE was Mahmud's most famous and lucrative plunder raid outside Punjab.

Q12. The historic coastal Somnath Jyotirlinga Temple is situated in which Indian state?

Correct Answer: Option A (Gujarat)

Detailed Explanation: Somnath Temple is located at Prabhas Patan in Veraval, Kathiawar region of Gujarat.

Q13. King Jayachandra, who was defeated by Muhammad Ghori at Chandawar, belonged to which ruling dynasty of Kannauj?

Correct Answer: Option A (Gahadvala Dynasty)

Detailed Explanation: Jayachandra was the last powerful king of the Gahadvala dynasty ruling Kannauj and Varanasi.

Q14. Which Indian ruler handed a severe defeat to Muhammad Ghori at the Battle of Kayadara near Mount Abu in 1178 AD?

Correct Answer: Option A (Bhim II (Bhim Dev II / Solanki King under Queen Naikidevi))

Detailed Explanation: Solanki ruler Bhimdev II (under guidance of Queen Regent Naikidevi) routed Ghori's invading army at Kayadara (Gujarat border) in 1178 CE.

Q15. In which year did Mahmud Ghaznavi launch his first invasion into northern India?

Correct Answer: Option A (1001 AD)

Detailed Explanation: Mahmud Ghaznavi launched 17 raids into India between 1000 and 1027 CE, starting his major invasion in 1001 CE against the Hindu Shahi kingdom.

Q16. Al-Biruni was originally held as a political prisoner/captive following the conquest of Khwarazm by:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mahmud Ghaznavi)

Detailed Explanation: When Mahmud conquered Khwarazm in 1017 CE, he took scholars including Al-Biruni to his capital Ghazni.

Q17. In 1001 AD, Mahmud Ghaznavi defeated which Hindu Shahi ruler in the Battle of Peshawar?

Correct Answer: Option A (Jayapala)

Detailed Explanation: Mahmud Ghaznavi defeated Hindu Shahi King Jayapala near Peshawar in 1001 CE. Overcome with humiliation, Jayapala later immolated himself on a funeral pyre.

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