Indus Valley Civilization MCQ Online Practice Test: Ancient Indian History - Exam Scorer

Ancient Indian History: Indus Valley Civilization & Culture MCQ Online Test

Q1. At present, Mohenjo-daro is located in:

Correct Answer: Option B (Pakistan)

Detailed Explanation: Mohenjo-daro is currently situated in the Larkana District of Sindh province in Pakistan, on the right bank of the Indus River.

Q2. Harappa was excavated in the year:

Correct Answer: Option A (1921 AD)

Detailed Explanation: Harappa was the first site of the civilization to be excavated in 1921 AD by Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni under the direction of Sir John Marshall.

Q3. Evidence of plowing by a plow from the Pre-Harappan period has been obtained from the archaeological site of:

Correct Answer: Option B (Kalibangan)

Detailed Explanation: Kalibangan in Rajasthan provides the earliest excavated evidence of a ploughed agricultural field dating back to the pre-Harappan phase.

Q4. The tools of Harappan culture (Indus culture) were primarily made of:

Correct Answer: Option B (Copper / Bronze)

Detailed Explanation: The Indus Valley Civilization belonged to the Bronze Age. Tools were mainly made of copper, bronze, stone, and chert blade, while iron was completely unknown to them.

Q5. According to the study team of IIT Kharagpur, the cause of the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization was continuous drought for:

Correct Answer: Option C (900 Years)

Detailed Explanation: Researchers from IIT Kharagpur revealed that a weak monsoon and a severe 900-year-long drought led to the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Q6. The most important feature of the Indus Valley Civilization is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Town Planning)

Detailed Explanation: Grid system town planning, underground covered drainage systems, and fortified citadels are the hallmark features of Harappan urban planning.

Q7. The nature of the Indus Valley Civilization was:

Correct Answer: Option B (Urban)

Detailed Explanation: Indus Valley Civilization represents the First Urbanization of India due to its planned cities, trade networks, and civic infrastructure.

Q8. The Harappan site from where a terracotta model of a 'plow' was found is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Banawali)

Detailed Explanation: A toy terracotta model of a plough was excavated at Banawali in the Fatehabad district of Haryana.

Q9. Who among the following archaeologists were associated with the excavations of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro?

Correct Answer: Option A (R.D. Banerjee, Dayaram Sahni, K.N. Dikshit, and M.S. Vats)

Detailed Explanation: Dayaram Sahni excavated Harappa (1921) and R.D. Banerjee discovered Mohenjo-daro (1922), assisted by K.N. Dikshit and M.S. Vats.

Q10. The major dockyard and port city of the Harappan civilization was:

Correct Answer: Option B (Lothal)

Detailed Explanation: Lothal in Gujarat featured a massive artificial brick basin identified as the world's oldest tidal dockyard.

Q11. Lothal is situated on the bank of which river?

Correct Answer: Option B (Bhogava)

Detailed Explanation: Lothal is located near the Gulf of Khambhat on the banks of the Bhogava river, a tributary of the Sabarmati in Gujarat.

Q12. An advanced water management system with rock-cut reservoirs in Harappa is known from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Dholavira)

Detailed Explanation: Dholavira in Gujarat features an elaborate series of stone reservoirs and water harvesting channels to store rainwater.

Q13. The pottery of Harappa was generally colored in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Red color)

Detailed Explanation: Harappan pottery was mainly red slipped wheel-made pottery painted with black geometric and animal designs (Red and Black Ware).

Q14. The Indus Valley Civilization falls under which historical age?

Correct Answer: Option B (Proto-Historic Period)

Detailed Explanation: It belongs to Proto-history because writing existed (Harappan script), but it has not been deciphered yet.

Q15. The Harappans had active overseas trade relations with:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mesopotamia)

Detailed Explanation: Mesopotamian texts refer to trade with 'Meluhha' (Indus region), exchanging timber, ivory, lapis lazuli, and cotton.

Q16. The dietary habit of the people of the Indus Valley was:

Correct Answer: Option C (Both Vegetarian and Non-vegetarian)

Detailed Explanation: Remains show consumption of wheat, barley, pulses alongside fish, mutton, beef, pork, and poultry.

Q17. Chanhudaro, an important craft manufacturing site of Harappan culture, is located in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Sindh (Pakistan))

Detailed Explanation: Chanhudaro is situated in Sindh, Pakistan. It was exclusively devoted to bead making, shell cutting, and seal making.

Q18. Dadheri is a late Harappan site located in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Punjab)

Detailed Explanation: Dadheri is a late Harappan excavated site located in the Ludhiana district of Punjab, India.

Q19. A major finished good exported from the Indus Civilization to foreign lands was:

Correct Answer: Option A (Cotton Clothes)

Detailed Explanation: Woven cotton textiles were a major export item from the Indus valley to Mesopotamia, where cotton was termed 'Sindon'.

Q20. To make the famous bronze statue of the 'Dancing Girl', which metallurgical technique was used?

Correct Answer: Option A (Lost-wax casting (Cire-perdue))

Detailed Explanation: Harappans mastered lost-wax technique (Cire-perdue) to manufacture hollow bronze sculptures like the Dancing Girl.

Q21. The unique Harappan town that was divided into three distinct fortified planning parts was:

Correct Answer: Option A (Dholavira)

Detailed Explanation: Unlike typical dual division (Citadel and Lower Town), Dholavira was divided into 3 parts: Citadel, Middle Town, and Lower Town.

Q22. Which ancient site is NOT related to the Indus Valley Civilization?

Correct Answer: Option A (Pataliputra)

Detailed Explanation: Pataliputra (Patna) was founded later by Magadha ruler Udayin in 5th Century BCE, long after Harappa collapsed.

Q23. The literal meaning of the word 'Mohenjo-daro' is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mound of the Dead)

Detailed Explanation: In Sindhi language, 'Mohenjo-daro' translates to "Mound of the Dead Men".

Q24. Historically, the first people in the world to produce cotton were:

Correct Answer: Option A (Indus People)

Detailed Explanation: Indus Valley inhabitants were pioneers in cotton cultivation as early as 5000 BCE at Mehrgarh.

Q25. The excavation of Lothal was discovered and led by archaeologist:

Correct Answer: Option A (S.R. Rao)

Detailed Explanation: Dr. S.R. Rao discovered Lothal in Gujarat and conducted excavations between 1955 and 1960.

Q26. Remains of horse bones have been definitively discovered at the Indus site of:

Correct Answer: Option A (Surkotada)

Detailed Explanation: Excavations by J.P. Joshi at Surkotada (Kutch, Gujarat) yielded skeletal remains of horse bones dated to c. 2000 BCE.

Q27. Shells for craft production (bangles, inlay work) were procured mainly from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Nageshwar and Balakot)

Detailed Explanation: Coastal sites like Nageshwar (Gujarat) and Balakot (Pakistan) were specialized centers for shell object manufacturing.

Q28. The Indus Valley site Ropar is located in which state of India?

Correct Answer: Option A (Punjab)

Detailed Explanation: Ropar (Rupnagar) is situated on the banks of the Sutlej river in Punjab, India (excavated by Y.D. Sharma).

Q29. Standard Harappan seals were mostly square shaped (2×2 dimension) made of soft stone called:

Correct Answer: Option A (Steatite)

Detailed Explanation: Steatite (soapstone) was carved and soft-baked to make durable commercial seals stamped with animal motifs and script.

Q30. The Great Bath found at Mohenjo-daro was shaped as a large:

Correct Answer: Option A (Rectangular Tank)

Detailed Explanation: The Great Bath was a rectangular tank made watertight with baked bricks, bitumen plaster, and staircase steps on north and south ends.

Q31. City of Harappa was located on the bank of river:

Correct Answer: Option A (Ravi)

Detailed Explanation: Harappa is located on the left bank of the Ravi river in the Sahiwal district of Punjab, Pakistan.

Q32. The Harappan city exclusively devoted to craft production (bead-making, metal-working, weight-making) was:

Correct Answer: Option A (Chanhudaro)

Detailed Explanation: Chanhudaro was a small 7-hectare industrial town purely dedicated to artisan crafts and manufacturing.

Q33. The stone statue of a dancing male figure ('Nataraja') made of grey limestone was found at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Harappa)

Detailed Explanation: A torso of a male dancer sculpted in grey stone was discovered at Harappa.

Q34. Archaeological site 'Surkotada' is situated in which Indian state?

Correct Answer: Option A (Gujarat)

Detailed Explanation: Surkotada is located in the Rapar Taluka of Kutch district, Gujarat.

Q35. In 1944, who took charge as the Director-General of ASI and excavated Harappa with military precision?

Correct Answer: Option A (Sir Mortimer Wheeler)

Detailed Explanation: Wheeler introduced stratigraphy techniques to Indian archaeology during his tenure as ASI chief in 1944.

Q36. First excavation at Mohenjo-daro in 1922 was conducted by:

Correct Answer: Option A (R.D. Banerjee)

Detailed Explanation: Rakhaldas Banerjee discovered Mohenjo-daro while exploring a Buddhist stupa mound in 1922.

Q37. The Indus Valley Civilization flourished around 2500 BC in regions today known as:

Correct Answer: Option A (Western India and Pakistan)

Detailed Explanation: It spread across Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Western UP.

Q38. What was the most distinctive architectural feature of buildings in Harappan cities?

Correct Answer: Option A (Buildings made of standardized burnt bricks)

Detailed Explanation: Harappans used uniform kiln-baked mud bricks with a ratio of 1:2:4 across all major urban centers.

Q39. Bronze was made by the people of the Indus Valley by mixing:

Correct Answer: Option A (Copper and Tin)

Detailed Explanation: Copper (obtained from Khetri, Rajasthan) was alloyed with tin (imported from Afghanistan) to forge tough bronze metal.

Q40. The word 'Mohenjo-daro' belongs to which language?

Correct Answer: Option A (Sindhi)

Detailed Explanation: Mohenjo-daro is a local Sindhi word meaning 'Mound of the Dead'.

Q41. The male deity depicted on the famous proto-Shiva seal from Mohenjo-daro is worshipped as:

Correct Answer: Option A (Pashupati)

Detailed Explanation: A yogic figure wearing a horned headgear surrounded by wild animals was identified by Sir John Marshall as 'Pashupati Mahadeva'.

Q42. Which animal is most commonly depicted on Harappan seals?

Correct Answer: Option A (Unicorn Bull / Humped Bull)

Detailed Explanation: The single-horned mythical creature ('Unicorn') is the most frequent motif on seals, followed by the humped bull.

Q43. The famous bronze statue of the 'Dancing Girl' was recovered from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mohenjo-daro)

Detailed Explanation: A 10.5 cm high bronze figurine of a standing naked girl adorned with bangles was found at Mohenjo-daro in 1926 by Ernest Mackay.

Q44. The Harappan site 'Banawali' is situated on the bank of which river?

Correct Answer: Option A (Rangoi River)

Detailed Explanation: Banawali in Fatehabad district, Haryana, lies along the dried bed of the ancient Rangoi (Saraswati) river.

Q45. The Harappan site 'Mandi' is located in which state of India?

Correct Answer: Option A (Uttar Pradesh)

Detailed Explanation: Mandi is a late Harappan village site in Muzaffarnagar district, Uttar Pradesh, famous for a treasure hoard discovery of gold jewelry.

Q46. Depictions or clay models of boats/ships have been excavated from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mohenjo-daro and Lothal)

Detailed Explanation: Terracotta boat models and a seal depicting a river ship with a mast were found at Lothal and Mohenjo-daro.

Q47. Which animal is NOT carved on the Pashupati Shiva seal of Mohenjo-daro?

Correct Answer: Option A (Bull)

Detailed Explanation: The seal depicts 5 animals: Elephant, Tiger, Rhino, Buffalo around the deity, and two Deer under the stool. Bull is NOT present.

Q48. Which Harappan site marks the easternmost boundary of the civilization?

Correct Answer: Option A (Alamgirpur)

Detailed Explanation: Alamgirpur on the Hindon river in Meerut (UP) forms the Eastern boundary. (North: Manda, South: Daimabad, West: Sutkagan Dor).

Q49. A horned deity engraved on a terracotta cake was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Lothal and Kalibangan)

Detailed Explanation: Terracotta cakes depicting a horned deity on one side and a goat led by a man on the other were found at Lothal and Kalibangan.

Q50. An ivory measuring scale used for linear measurements was excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Lothal)

Detailed Explanation: An ivory scale showing accurate small measuring divisions was recovered from Lothal in Gujarat.

Q51. The term 'Indus Civilization' was officially used for the first time by:

Correct Answer: Option A (Sir John Marshall)

Detailed Explanation: Director-General of ASI, Sir John Marshall, coined the term 'Indus Civilization' in 1924 during his official announcement.

Q52. Which Harappan site centers are geographically located in Uttar Pradesh?

Correct Answer: Option A (Alamgirpur, Hulas, and Mandi)

Detailed Explanation: Alamgirpur (Meerut), Hulas (Saharanpur), and Mandi (Muzaffarnagar) are Harappan sites located in Western UP.

Q53. Evidence of unique rock-cut architecture in Harappan context was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Dholavira)

Detailed Explanation: Dholavira features stone masonry walls and rock-cut water reservoirs carved into bedrock.

Q54. The largest Harappan site located within the geographical borders of India is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Rakhigarhi)

Detailed Explanation: Rakhigarhi in Hisar district, Haryana (spanning ~550 hectares) is the largest Harappan site in India.

Q55. The concept of idol worship in the Indian subcontinent traces its roots to:

Correct Answer: Option A (Pre-Aryan / Harappan Period)

Detailed Explanation: Worship of terracotta Mother Goddess figurines and Pashupati seals indicates early iconographic reverence prior to the Vedic era.

Q56. The Persian holy scripture 'Avesta' shares linguistic similarities with Rigveda. 'Avesta' belongs to:

Correct Answer: Option A (Iran)

Detailed Explanation: Zend Avesta is the Iranian Zoroastrian sacred text containing close Indo-Iranian linguistic parallels with Vedic Sanskrit.

Q57. A complete wooden coffin burial (R-37 cemetery) was excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Harappa)

Detailed Explanation: A unique burial inside a rosewood wooden coffin was discovered in Cemetery R-37 at Harappa.

Q58. In Post-Independence India, the highest number of Harappan sites have been discovered in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Gujarat)

Detailed Explanation: Over 190 Harappan sites (Lothal, Dholavira, Surkotada, Rangpur, Rojdi) were unearthed in Gujarat after 1947.

Q59. Remains of five wild dogs buried with humans and swamp deer antlers were excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Burzahom)

Detailed Explanation: Burzahom in Kashmir revealed human graves accompanied by domesticated and wild dog burials.

Q60. 'Jorwe Culture', a major Chalcolithic archaeological culture, is located in modern:

Correct Answer: Option A (Maharashtra)

Detailed Explanation: Jorwe culture (1400–700 BCE) sites like Inamgaon, Daimabad, and Nevasa are in Maharashtra.

Q61. The drains for waste-water management in Lothal were constructed using:

Correct Answer: Option A (Baked Bricks)

Detailed Explanation: As noted by Ernest Mackay in 1948, street drains in Lothal were lined with impermeable burnt bricks.

Q62. The Harappan site 'Shortugai' is located in which modern country?

Correct Answer: Option A (Afghanistan)

Detailed Explanation: Shortugai and Mundigak are two Harappan trading outpost sites situated in northern Afghanistan near lapis lazuli mines.

Q63. The Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro was made watertight by applying a layer of:

Correct Answer: Option A (Natural Tar / Bitumen)

Detailed Explanation: A thick layer of natural tar/bitumen was laid between the brick walls to prevent water leakage.

Q64. Around 2500 years ago, Iranians called the Indus River by the name:

Correct Answer: Option A (Hindos)

Detailed Explanation: Ancient Iranians pronounced initial 'S' as 'H', referring to Sindhu River as 'Hindos' and Greeks called it 'Indos'.

Q65. The late Harappan Chalcolithic site 'Daimabad' is situated in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Maharashtra)

Detailed Explanation: Daimabad on the Pravara river in Ahmednagar district (Maharashtra) marks the southernmost boundary of Indus Civilization.

Q66. The Harappans obtained raw copper metal primarily from the region of modern-day:

Correct Answer: Option A (Rajasthan (Khetri mines))

Detailed Explanation: Copper was sourced locally from Ganeshwar-Khetri culture in Rajasthan and imported from Oman.

Q67. Excavations at Dholavira in 1990 were initiated by archaeologist:

Correct Answer: Option A (Ravindra Singh Bisht (R.S. Bisht))

Detailed Explanation: Though discovered by J.P. Joshi in 1967, major systematic excavations at Dholavira were led by R.S. Bisht in 1990.

Q68. Ploughed field furrow marks were discovered at which Harappan site?

Correct Answer: Option A (Kalibangan)

Detailed Explanation: Grid-patterned furrow marks showing double-cropping (mustard and chickpea) were excavated at Kalibangan.

Q69. Which language was NOT used in ancient Mesopotamia?

Correct Answer: Option A (Sumerian)

Detailed Explanation: Sumerian, Akkadian, and Aramaic were Mesopotamian languages. (Exam question context based on options provided).

Q70. The Harappan site 'Rangpur' is located in which state of India?

Correct Answer: Option A (Gujarat)

Detailed Explanation: Rangpur is located on the Saurashtra peninsula near Vanala in Gujarat, yielding rice husk remains.

Q71. In typical Harappan houses, residential rooms were built around a central:

Correct Answer: Option A (Courtyard)

Detailed Explanation: Houses featured an inner courtyard (Angan) surrounded by rooms, ensuring privacy as ground floor walls had no windows.

Q72. Fire altars (Yajna Vedika) of Harappan culture have been discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Kalibangan and Lothal)

Detailed Explanation: Series of raised brick fire altars containing ash and animal bones were found at Kalibangan and Lothal.

Q73. Mesopotamian cuneiform inscriptions refer to the Indus Valley region as:

Correct Answer: Option A (Meluhha)

Detailed Explanation: Sargon of Akkad's records mention ships from 'Meluhha' (Indus), 'Magan' (Oman), and 'Dilmun' (Bahrain).

Q74. Archaeological site 'Daimabad' is situated on the bank of which river?

Correct Answer: Option A (Pravara)

Detailed Explanation: Daimabad lies on the left bank of Pravara River (tributary of Godavari) in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra.

Q75. Which Harappan site is NOT located on the banks of the Indus River?

Correct Answer: Option A (Ropar)

Detailed Explanation: Ropar is located on the Sutlej River, whereas Mohenjo-daro, Chanhudaro, and Kot Diji are along the Indus River.

Q76. In 6th-5th century BCE Persian inscriptions, the word 'Hindu' derived from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Sindhu River)

Detailed Explanation: Old Persian inscriptions of Darius I used 'Hindu' to denote the geographic land situated beyond the Sindhu (Indus) River.

Q77. Mustard (Sarson) crop cultivation evidence is matched with which Harappan site?

Correct Answer: Option A (Chanhudaro)

Detailed Explanation: Botanical remains of Mustard (Sarson) seeds were identified in botanical samples from Chanhudaro.

Q78. Sesame (Til) crop cultivation evidence is matched with:

Correct Answer: Option A (Harappa)

Detailed Explanation: Charred seeds of Sesame (Til) and linseed were recovered from the granaries at Harappa.

Q79. Kodo millet crop remains were excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Kuntasi)

Detailed Explanation: Kuntasi (Gujarat) yielded archaeological evidence of millet cultivation including Kodo millet.

Q80. Rice (Dhan) cultivation evidence in late Harappan context of UP is matched with:

Correct Answer: Option A (Hulas)

Detailed Explanation: Hulas in Saharanpur (UP) yielded abundant late Harappan rice impression remains.

Q81. A majority of the excavated Harappan settlements are located in the region of:

Correct Answer: Option A (Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra Valleys)

Detailed Explanation: Over two-thirds of Harappan sites lie along the dried Ghaggar-Hakra river belt and the Indus plains.

Q82. Main source of information regarding Harappan history and culture is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Archaeological Excavations)

Detailed Explanation: Because the script is undeciphered and no coins existed, material excavations provide the sole historical evidence.

Q83. Earliest archaeological evidence of cotton cultivation in the Indian subcontinent comes from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mehrgarh)

Detailed Explanation: Mineralized cotton threads recovered from copper beads at Mehrgarh date back to c. 5000 BCE.

Q84. What material was predominantly used to construct 'The Great Bath' water reservoir in Mohenjo-daro?

Correct Answer: Option A (Burnt Bricks and Mortar)

Detailed Explanation: Built with finely fitted burnt bricks laid on edge using gypsum mortar and waterproof bitumen.

Q85. Which metal was COMPLETELY unknown to the people of the Indus Valley Civilization?

Correct Answer: Option A (Iron)

Detailed Explanation: Iron technology was introduced in India later during the Vedic/Iron Age (c. 1000 BCE at Atranjikhera).

Q86. Which Harappan site shows clear evidence of a stadium or large public ceremonial ground?

Correct Answer: Option A (Dholavira)

Detailed Explanation: A large open stadium-like ceremonial ground with tiered seating was excavated at Dholavira.

Q87. A large wooden signboard with 10 large Harappan script characters was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Dholavira)

Detailed Explanation: The famous Dholavira Signboard containing 10 large steatite inlaid symbols was found in the citadel gateway.

Q88. The main staple food grains cultivated by the Harappan people were:

Correct Answer: Option A (Wheat and Barley)

Detailed Explanation: Wheat (bread wheat & club wheat) and barley were the primary food crops grown across the Indus plains.

Q89. Which animal was NOT domesticated or well-known to the Harappan people in daily life?

Correct Answer: Option A (Lion)

Detailed Explanation: Lion depictions are absent from Harappan seals and pottery, whereas tiger, bull, elephant, and rhino are prominent.

Q90. The Harappan site 'Kot Diji' is located near which major site in Sindh, Pakistan?

Correct Answer: Option A (Mohenjo-daro)

Detailed Explanation: Kot Diji is situated opposite Mohenjo-daro on the left bank of the Indus River in Sindh, Pakistan.

Q91. What was the unique feature of the burial system found at Lothal?

Correct Answer: Option A (Pair / Joint Burials (Double Burial))

Detailed Explanation: Three double burials (male and female interred together in a single grave) were discovered at Lothal.

Q92. Bead-making factory workshops with hearths and drill tools were excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Chanhudaro and Lothal)

Detailed Explanation: Specialized bead factories making carnelian, agate, and jasper beads were excavated at Chanhudaro and Lothal.

Q93. Lapis Lazuli, a prized blue stone, was imported by Harappans from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Badakhshan (Shortugai, Afghanistan))

Detailed Explanation: Shortugai in Badakhshan, Afghanistan, was established directly to control Lapis Lazuli trade.

Q94. The Harappan weight system followed a ratio system based on:

Correct Answer: Option A (Binary system (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64))

Detailed Explanation: Lower weight denominations followed a strict binary scale (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64) with 16 being the unit standard.

Q95. The Harappan site 'Sutkagan Dor' is located in which modern region?

Correct Answer: Option A (Makran Coast, Balochistan (Pakistan))

Detailed Explanation: Sutkagan Dor on the Dasht river in Iranian border of Balochistan forms the westernmost Harappan boundary.

Q96. The script of the Indus Valley Civilization was written in which direction?

Correct Answer: Option A (Right to Left (Boustrophedon style))

Detailed Explanation: Overlaps on pottery show the pictographic script was written Right to Left, and alternate lines in Boustrophedon style.

Q97. A Granary complex consisting of 12 units in two rows of six was excavated at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Harappa)

Detailed Explanation: The Great Granary at Harappa comprised 12 grain storage halls arranged symmetrically in two rows near the river bank.

Q88. Steatite statuette of the 'Priest King' adorned with a shawl was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Mohenjo-daro)

Detailed Explanation: A 17.5 cm bearded bearded man carved in soapstone wearing a trefoil-patterned shawl was found at Mohenjo-daro.

Q99. The Harappan site 'Manda' is situated on the bank of which river?

Correct Answer: Option A (Chenab)

Detailed Explanation: Manda in Jammu & Kashmir lies on the right bank of Chenab River, forming the northernmost Harappan boundary.

Q100. Which ancient civilization was contemporary to the Indus Valley Civilization?

Correct Answer: Option A (Mesopotamian and Egyptian Civilizations)

Detailed Explanation: Indus Valley flourished alongside Bronze Age Mesopotamia (Sumer) and Ancient Egypt (c. 2600–1900 BCE).

Q101. Evidence of dog buried with human master in Harappan context was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Ropar (Punjab))

Detailed Explanation: Ropar is the unique Harappan site in India where a pet dog was found buried below a human pit grave.

Q102. The Harappan site 'Bhagwanpura' where late Harappan and Painted Grey Ware (PGW) overlap is in:

Correct Answer: Option A (Haryana (Kurukshetra))

Detailed Explanation: Bhagwanpura in Kurukshetra (Haryana) shows a transition overlap between Late Harappan and Vedic PGW cultures.

Q103. Which Harappan site lacked a fortified citadel elevated structure?

Correct Answer: Option A (Chanhudaro)

Detailed Explanation: Chanhudaro is the only Harappan city completely lacking a fortified citadel enclosure.

Q104. The primary material used for making Harappan ornaments by common people was:

Correct Answer: Option A (Terracotta and Faience)

Detailed Explanation: While elites wore gold and semi-precious stones, commoners wore terracotta bangles, shell beads, and faience.

Q105. Gold ornaments in Harappan cities were primarily sourced from:

Correct Answer: Option A (Kolar Gold Mines (South India))

Detailed Explanation: Chemical analysis of Harappan gold ornaments indicates sourcing from Kolar fields in Karnataka and rivers of Afghanistan.

Q106. A mature-phase Harappan site located in Rajasthan is:

Correct Answer: Option A (Kalibangan)

Detailed Explanation: Kalibangan in Hanumangarh district, Rajasthan, contains both early and mature Harappan layers.

Q107. Evidence of a plowed field in Rajasthan was discovered at:

Correct Answer: Option A (Kalibangan)

Detailed Explanation: Excavations at Kalibangan revealed the earliest known ploughed agricultural land surface in world prehistory.

Q108. In 6th-5th century BCE Old Persian, the word 'Hindu' referred to the geographic region lying east of:

Correct Answer: Option A (Indus River)

Detailed Explanation: Old Persian 'Hi(n)du' corresponds to Sanskrit 'Sindhu' (the Indus river), describing the subcontinent beyond it.

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